Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice Lectures Soil Mechanics Introduction and Definition. Soil mechanics is defined as the application of the laws and principles of mechanics and hydraulics to engineering problems dealing with soil as an engineering material. Soil has many different meanings, depending on the field of study.

Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice Lectures Soil Mechanics Introduction and Definition Soil mechanics is defined as the application of the laws and principles of mechanics and hydraulics to engineering problems dealing with soil as an engineering material. Soil has many different meanings, depending on the field of study. To a geotechnical engineer, soil has a much broader meaning and can include not only agronomic material, but also broken-up fragments of rock, volcanic ash, alluvium, Aeolian sand, glacial material, and any other residual or transported product of rock weathering. As the name Soil Mechanics implies the subject is concerned with the deformation and strength of bodies of soil. It deals with the mechanical properties of the soil materials and with the application of the knowledge of these properties to engineering problems. In particular it is concerned with the interaction of structures with their foundation material.

This includes both conventional structures and also structures such as earth dams, embankments and roads which are their-selves made of soil. Invision 2.0 build 3515 for mirc 6.12 full installation

Settlement Criteria for Steel Oil Storage Tanks Ali Akhavan-Zanjani Research Student, Department of Civil engineering, University of Tehran, Iran ABSTRACT This paper discusess the criteria of settlement in steel tanks which are used to storage oil or gasoline. The steel tank is as a representative of many steel tanks constructed in south of I.R.Iran, that has a ratio between the diameter and the height of order 4 with slenderness ratio (radius to thickness) of the order of 1000 (first coarse) to 3750 (last coarse). Weakness of the site soil causes settlement to be more than usual so the most economical solution is to find how much can the settlement be. KEYWORDS: steel tank, settlement, tilt, shell INTRODUCTION The settlement of the foundation in large, thin walled shells has been of great concern in the past and there is some codes and articles about it that are so useful. This paper wanted to show that what is the Criteria of allowable settlement of a large and small steel tank. So the paper considered some large and small steel tank that are the representative of many steel tanks constructed in south of I.R.Iran.

According to D’Orazio and Duncan, examination of the settlement measured for the tanks shows one fact clearly: Steel tank bottoms can undergo a wide variety of types of distortion as they settle”. However, most analytical studies concentrate on just one type of distortion: a vertical displacement pattern at the base of the shell that follows a harmonic shape. In another paper, the same authors state: “Because their walls have significant stiffness and ability to span local soft spots, the settlement profiles of tank walls tend to be smooth and free of sharp variations. Here is one of the disasters that happen because of a tank failure that have been reported in the literature notably is the report of the failure of a 26.15 m radius shell storing hot-oil in Japan in 1974. The consequences of this failure were manifold: “The contents flooded much of the refinery property and flowed into the adjacent inland sea causing severe damage to the fishing industry.

As a result, the 270,000 bbl/day refinery was shut down for about nine months, largely because of public reaction. By the time the refinery was permitted to resume operation. The accident had cost Vol.

B 2 the refinery more than $150,000,000. This shows how important and dangerous can the damage of steel tank specially large steel tank be. The paper is organized as follows: section 2 contains the most usual settlement that would happen, section 3 is the case studies and review of literature, section 4 is about the comparison of cited allowable settlement and section 5 wanted to refer recommended settlement. DEFINITIONS Various forms of settlements could take place so it is crucial to define all required variables at the beginning of this chapter as follows: • = D Diameter of the tank.

• = R Radius of the tank. • = H Height of the tank. • = L distance between two points with differential settlement. • = ∆ max Total maximum settlement: This type of settlement illustrates in Figure (2-1). Total Maximum Settlement of Steel Tank Figure 2-2. Average Settlement of a Steel Tank • = ∆ ave Average settlement: This type of settlement is an average of the settlement of all points of a tank (Figure 2-2).